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1 Leclanché, Georges
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 1839 Paris, Franced. 14 September 1882 Paris, France[br]French chemist and inventor of the primary cell named after him, from which the electrochemical principles of the modern dry cell have been developed.[br]Leclanché was sent to England for his early education. Returning to France, he entered the Central School of Arts and Manufacture, from which he graduated as a chemical engineer in 1860. He spent some years with a railway company in setting up an electrical timing system, and this work led him to electrochemical research. Driven by political pressure into exile, he set up a small laboratory in Brussels to continue the studies of the behaviour of voltaic cells he had started in France. Many workers directed their efforts to constructing a cell with a single electrolyte and a solid insoluble depo-larizer, but it was Leclanché who produced, in 1866, the prototype of a battery that was rugged, cheap and contained no highly corro-sive liquid. With electrodes of carbon and zinc and a solution of ammonium chloride, polarization was prevented by surrounding the positive electrode with manganese dioxide. The Leclanché cell was adopted by the Belgian Government Telegraph Service in 1868 and rapidly came into general use wherever an intermittent current was needed; for example, in telegraph and later in telephone circuits. Carl Gassner in 1888 pioneered successful dry cells based on the Leclanché system, with the zinc anode serving as the container, and c. 1890 commercial production of such cells began.[br]Bibliography10 October 1866, British patent no. 2,623 (Leclanché cell).1868, "Pile au peroxyde de manganèse à seul liquide", Les Mondes 16:532–3 (describes the Leclanché cell).Further ReadingM.Barak, 1966, "Georges Leclanché (1939–1882)", IEE Electronics and Power 12:184– 91 (a detailed account).N.C.Cahoon and G.W.Heise (eds), 1976, The Primary Battery, Vol. II, New York, pp. 1–147 (describes subsequent developments), GW -
2 Electricity
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Leclanché, Georges — ▪ French engineer born , 1839, Paris died Sept. 14, 1882, Paris French engineer who in about 1866 invented the battery that bears his name. In slightly modified form, the Leclanché battery, now called a dry cell, is produced in great… … Universalium
Leclanché , Georges — (1839–1882) French engineer and inventor Leclanché, who was born in Paris is best known for his invention of the electrical battery, now known as the dry cell. This he developed in 1866, six years after completing his formal technical education… … Scientists
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Georges Leclanche — Georges Leclanché Ingénieur puis industriel français, Georges Leclanché est né en 1839 à Parmain et mort le 14 septembre 1882 à Paris. Il est le fils de Léopold Leclanché et d Eugénie de Villeneuve. La situation politique de l époque oblige ses… … Wikipédia en Français
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Georges Leclanché — (1839 September 14, 1882) was a French electrical engineer chiefly remembered for his invention of the Leclanché cell, one of the first modern electrical batteries and the forerunner of the modern dry cell battery.BiographyLeclanché was born in… … Wikipedia
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